SQL WHERE Clause

The SQL WHERE Clause is used to specify the condition while make action like Select, Update and Delete operation on Database Table.

The WHERE Clause is used to tack action on only those records that fulfill a specified condition.

The Syntax of WHERE Clause

SELECT col1, col2 FROM Table_Name WHERE [Condition];
SELECT col1, col2 FROM Table_Name WHERE column Operator value
SELECT col1, col2 FROM Table_Name WHERE column = “value”;

Example :

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE city=”Mumbai”;

Above statement display all the records of students who belongs to city “Mumbai”.

Operators Allowed in the WHERE Clause

= Equal
<> Not equal
> Grater than
< Less than
>= Grater than or equal
<= Less than or equal
Between Between an inclusive range
Like Search for a pattern
IN Specify the value to return form at least one of the column.

SELECT * FROM StudentMst;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
1	Meera	Bombay	380022	7874555555
2	Rahul	Surat	352200	7874444444
3	Jayesh	Ahmedabad	352200	7874333333
4	Dhvanish	Bombay	380022	7874111111
5	Reena	Baroda	352222	7874666666
6	Veera	Baroda	352222	7874121212

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE Name=”Meera”;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
1	Meera	Bombay	380022	7874555555

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE Name <> “Meera”;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
2	Rahul	Surat	352200	7874444444
3	Jayesh	Ahmedabad	352200	7874333333
4	Dhvanish	Bombay	380022	7874111111
5	Reena	Baroda	352222	7874666666
6	Veera	Baroda	352222	7874121212

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE ID > 3;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
4	Dhvanish	Bombay	380022	7874111111
5	Reena	Baroda	352222	7874666666
6	Veera	Baroda	352222	7874121212

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE <= 3

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
1	Meera	Bombay	380022	7874555555
2	Rahul	Surat	352200	7874444444
3	Jayesh	Ahmedabad	352200	7874333333

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE ID BETWEEN 2 and 5;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
2	Rahul	Surat	352200	7874444444
3	Jayesh	Ahmedabad	352200	7874333333
4	Dhvanish	Bombay	380022	7874111111
5	Reena	Baroda	352222	7874666666

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE CITY LIKE “bo%”;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
1	Meera	Bombay	380022	7874555555
4	Dhvanish	Bombay	380022	7874111111

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE CITY LIKE “%o%”;

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
1	Meera	Bombay	380022	7874555555
4	Dhvanish	Bombay	380022	7874111111
5	Reena	Baroda	352222	7874666666
6	Veera	Baroda	352222	7874121212

SELECT * FROM StudentMst WHERE ID IN (1,3,5,6);

ID	Name	City	Pincode	Mobile
1	Meera	Bombay	380022	7874555555
3	Jayesh	Ahmedabad	352200	7874333333
5	Reena	Baroda	352222	7874666666
6	Veera	Baroda	352222	7874121212

How to use SQL WHERE Clause